“英格丽丝的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品学科栏目之一，专注于考研英语（二）的钻研。栏目定期分享泰祺英语教研组老师们对词汇记忆、复习规划、做题方法的心得，旨在帮助同学们梳理英语学科知识、掌握解题思路，从而更好地学习、提分。欢迎您持续关注英格丽丝的微笑，这里有：有料的知识、有趣的惊喜！
本文作者：贾婵老师
泰祺教育英语教研组老师
原因分析题属于细节题的分支，在考研英语阅读中一般会考到2-3题。虽然占比不高，但是，如果你get到了原因分析题的做题方法，你将战无不胜，大大提高英语阅读的正确率，何乐而不为呢？接下来就和我一起，揭开原因分析题的面纱，把它们一一突破吧！
什么是原因分析题？
原因分析题是针对文中某个具体现象或结果的原因进行提问，一般来讲需要借助上下文信息做出正确的理解。
xxx because they .
The major reason for xxx is .
From the text we know that xxx due to .
xxx for its .
xxx in that .
解题思路
鉴于原因分析题是对文中的具体原因进行提问，最好的办法就是“回文定位”，然后对于原文信息做进一步的“因果”分析和推理。
Step1：根据题干找关键词，定位“结果”在文中的位置。
Step2：“结果”前后找原因句，精读原因句。
Step3：匹配选项，正确选项和原因句做同义概述。
真题为例
2017-text4
Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern （结果）because of its impact on federal tax dollars, Professor Moritz and others say.
In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires-nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago（原因).
36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they .
A. exhausted unprecedented management efforts
B. consumed a record-high percentage of budget
C. severely damaged the ecology of western states
D. caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure
Step1：看到because，确定是原因分析题。根据题干关键词frequent wildfires, national concern, in 2015定位关键句在第一段结尾和第二段开头。
Step2：找到定位句结果，在结果前后找原因，看到了because等相关提示词，找到原因。精读原因句，发现2015年spent more than half of its $5.5 billion budget, double the percentage it spent 20 years ago. 2015年花费超过$5.5 billion预算的一半，这是二十年前的两倍。
Step3：匹配选项，发现B选项，consumed a record-high percentage of budget, consumed和spent是花费的意思，同义替换；a record-high percentage of budget创历史新高的预算和spent more than half of its $5.5 billion budget, double the percentage it spent 20 years ago做同义替换。故选B。
2018-text3
Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world and often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year（结果）. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.（原因）
31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .
A. That they think it academically misleading.
B. They have a lot of fun to expect in college.
C. It feels strange to do differently from others.
D. It seems worthless to take off-campus course.
Step1：看到one of the reasons确定是原因分析题。根据题干关键词high-school graduates, not taking a gap year，定位到第一段。
Step2：找到定位句结果，在结果句前后找原因。精读原因句：After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic. 毕竟如果所有人秋天都去上大学了，留守一年好像有点傻。在上了12年学之后，如果有一年不学习，好像感觉有点怪异。
Step3：读完原因句，匹配选项，发现C选项：It feels strange to do differently from others. 如果和其他人做不一样的事情，好像有点奇怪。与该句话做同义概述。故选C。
2013-text4
After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions—no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power—as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule（结果).
If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy （原因）than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.
40. Women entering top management become headlines due to lack of .
A. more social justice
B. massive media attention
C. suitable public policies
D. greater “soft pressure”
Step1：看到due to确定是原因分析题，根据题干Women entering top management, headlines等关键词，定位到段落末尾，结果句。但是需要注意的是，这个结果句中，出现了because词，可能会有同学误以为这是我们要找的原因句，但是，仔细读完之后会发现，这里的because解释的是女性成为高管引起了广泛的关注，是因为她们打破了常规。并不是题干所问的，“女性成为高管引起广泛关注是因为缺乏了什么...”，所以，我们要继续往后寻找原因句。
Step2：找到定位结果句，在结果句前后找原因，精读原因句，If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy. 如果有适当的公共政策去帮助这些女性，无论是女性高管们还是照顾孩子的女性，女性进入高管层就不会再引起报导价值了。
Step3：读完原因句，匹配选项，发现C选项和原因句做同义概述，女性进入高管层成为头条是因为缺乏适当的公共政策去帮助女性。故选C。
以上就是原因分析题的解题秘籍，相信同学们经过训练，一定可以攻克这类题目。同时，也提醒同学们熟记考纲词汇，因为有的时候不是你找不到答案句，而是找到答案句之后，单词不认识，导致做题错误。所以，为了避免这一问题，同学们还是要把词汇熟记哦。
如果大家有任何疑问或想法，也可以在评论区里留言哦～
