“英格丽丝的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品学科栏目之一,专注于考研英语(二)的钻研。栏目定期分享泰祺英语教研组老师们对词汇记忆、复习规划、做题方法的心得,旨在帮助同学们梳理英语学科知识、掌握解题思路,从而更好地学习、提分。欢迎您持续关注英格丽丝的微笑,这里有:有料的知识、有趣的惊喜!
本文作者:张南海老师(Coco)
泰祺教育英语教研组老师
各位同学们,在考研英语的学习中,我们一定遇到过相当一部分拼写容易混淆的词汇,尤其是某些不太熟悉的词汇。有时候两个形近词之间甚至只相差一个字母,但意思却天差地别,很容易判断失误,导致理解偏差。因此对于这些容易混淆的形近词汇进行学习记忆是非常有必要的。
Coco老师为大家整理了考研中常考的一部分形近词,相信会对大家的学习有所帮助,跟着我一起边听边读边学习吧~
vocation / vacation
liable / viable
extensive / intensive
助记:ex- 外,出 + tens- 伸展,握紧 + tive有…倾向的
助记:in- 里,内 + tens- 伸展,握紧 + tive有…倾向的
dispose / compose / propose
助记:pr- 谐音“骗人”,像骗人一样,举起戒指o,跪下的pose
thorough / through
例句:It was a thorough waste of time. (这完全是浪费时间。)
词义:prep.&adv. 穿过;自始至终;通过;利用 adj. 完成的;结束的;直达的
例句:They walked slowly through the woods. (他们缓步穿过树林。)
snake / sneak / snack
例句:I managed to sneak in through the back door while she wasn't looking. (我趁她不注意从后门偷偷溜了进来。)
例句:I only have time for a snack at lunchtime. (中午,我的时间只够吃点心。)
strike / stroke
词义:vi. 罢工 v. 打,击;攻击;(时钟)敲,鸣,报时;擦,划(火柴);猛然意识到;给(某人以...)印象
例句:The workers are striking for better pay and improved safety standards.(工人们正在罢工,要求加薪并提高安全标准。)
词义:n. 击;报时的钟声;击&划&笔;轻抚,抚摸;中风
例句:How many strokes did you count?(你听见钟敲了几下?)
superior / supreme / superb
词义:adj. 优良的,占优势的;上级的 n. 上级;长者;高手
助记:super 在上面 + 连接字母 i + -or 人
例句:The enemy won because of their superior numbers (= there were more of them).(敌人由于在人数上占优而取胜。)
例句:the Supreme Court (最高法院)
例句:He is a superb dancer.(他是一个杰出的舞蹈家。)
spill / split / spoil
词义:v. 溢出,溅出 n. 洒出(量),溢出(量)
例句:I spilled coffee on my shirt.(我把咖啡洒到衬衫上了。)
词义:v. 裂开,劈开;分裂,分离 n. 分歧;分裂;划分
例句:The teacher split the children into three groups.(老师把孩子们分成3组。)
助记:通spill ①裂开 → 损坏; ②打破规则 → 宠坏
例句:He tried not to let the bad news spoil his evening.(他努力不让那个坏消息破坏他晚上的兴致。)
considerable / considerate
例句:It is a considerable sum of money.(那是一笔数量可观的钱。)
例句:He is always considerate to old people.(他对老人一向体贴入微。)
accident / incident
例句:There was a horrible accident here yesterday.(昨天在这里发生了一起可怕的事故。)
例句:The whole incident was recorded on film.(整个事件都记录在胶片上了。)
sensitive / sensible
词义:adj. 敏感的,感觉的,易受影响的,易受伤害的
例句:I suppose I shouldn't be so sensitive.(我想我不该这么恼怒。)
词义:adj. 明智的;意识到的;通晓事理的;明显的
例句:That seems to be a sensible idea.(那似乎是个明智的主意。)
special / specific
例句:A special subcommittee adjudicates on planning applications.(有一个特别小组委员会裁决规划申请项目。)
词义:adj. 特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;具有特效的
例句:He speaks in concepts rather than specifics.(他讲话时尽用抽象概念,而不谈具体。)
confidant / confident
例句:a loose-lipped confidant(无话不谈的知己。)
例句:I feel confident that we will win.(我确信我们将胜利。)
simulate / stimulate
词义:v. 模仿,模拟;假装,冒充(-simul-=same相同+动词后缀-ate)
例句:The computer simulates different road conditions for new drivers to practise on.(计算机模拟不同的路况供学习者练习。)
词义:v. 刺激,使兴奋;激励,鼓舞(stimul=stick刺+动词后缀-ate)
例句:Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think. (好的老师应该问一些能激发学生们思考的问题。)
conscience / conscious
助记:con- 全 + science科学、知道,全知道
例句:a guilty conscience(问心有愧)
助记:con- + -sci- = cut切、区分 + 连接字母 i + 形容词后缀 -ous
例句:He's still conscious but he's very badly injured.(他神志还清醒,但伤得很重。)
今天的形近词就整理到这里,大家平时在记忆单词的时候也要勤整理,熟练辨析这些形近词,达到事半功倍的效果!