英格丽丝的微笑
“英格丽丝的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品学科栏目之一,专注于考研英语(二)的钻研。栏目定期分享泰祺英语教研组老师们对词汇记忆、复习规划、做题方法的心得,旨在帮助同学们梳理英语学科知识、掌握解题思路,从而更好地学习、提分。欢迎您持续关注英格丽丝的微笑,这里有:有料的知识、有趣的惊喜!
叮!英格丽丝的速递到啦~同学们经过八月份的洗礼,接触了真真假假、难难易易的阅读题型后,应该都形成了一些自己的心得。今天着重梳理一下情感态度题的做题流程以及得分技巧。
情感态度题在六大题型中是公认的容易得分的题型,有时甚至到了令人发指的“送分题”程度。所以大家要明确步骤,抓好方向,把2分收入囊中。
情感态度题的做题步骤如下四步:
1. 判断态度题类别
全文态度题是作者对于全文中心对象的情感态度;
局部态度题是作者或其他人对某个细节对象的情感态度。
2. 回原文定位
全文态度题需理解文章,看懂篇章逻辑变化,优先看末段;
局部态度题以题干中的定位词回原文定位的范围为主。
3. 找情感色彩词
优先在上步骤范围中寻找形容词,副词,然后是名词,动词。
4. 选项定乾坤
选项方向与原文方向保持一致
接下来我们以2010年Text 3中的态度题为例来作进一步实践。
35. The author's attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people's habits is .
[A] indifferent
[B] negative
[C] positive
[D] biased
涉及段落:
Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.
这道态度题根据对象为“广告对人们习惯的影响”,可判断出为局部的态度题,然后我们定位回了最后一段的As this new science of habit has emerged, …这一句。在这一句中我们可以找到“unhealthy, questionable”这些贬义词(负向词),所以我们对选项进行选择时就要选择贬义。
A选项“漠不关心的”为中性词;B选项“消极的”为贬义词;C选项“积极的”为褒义词;D选项“有偏见的”为贬义词,那么就形成了B、D中二选一。而D选项“有偏见的”意味着命题组认为作者的观点有偏见,这样的文章是不会成为考试材料的,所以我们选择B。
解题技巧:
1. 首先观察四个选项, B和C两个选项positive和negative是一组对立词,根据“对立基本有解”的原则,初步判断答案出在两者之中,再根据回原文找到的情感色彩词,最终确认答案为B。
2. 同样首先观察四个选项,从另一个角度出发(常见可以成为正确选项的态度词),可以先把A和D排除在外,然后根据定位最后确认B。
再来剖析下2011年Text 1中的态度题:
25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .
[A] permissive
[B] positive
[C] scornful
[D] critical
涉及段落:
Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.(第二段)
But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.(尾段)
这道态度题根据对象为“外部董事的角色”,可判断出为全文态度题,然后由最后一段中的Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives以及第二段的首句Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board找到了一些褒义词“create, helpful”所以我们对选项进行选择时就要选择褒义词。
A选项“纵容的”为褒义词;B选项“积极的”为褒义词;C选项“蔑视的”为贬义词;D选项“批判的”为贬义词,那么就形成了A、B中二选一。而A选项“纵容的”意味着这篇文章的主题三观不正,这样的文章显然也不会成为考试材料的,所以我们选择B。
解题技巧:
首先观察四个选项,通过常见可以成为正确选项的态度词,可以先把A和C排除在外,然后根据褒义词最后确认B。
有的同学可能有疑问,什么是常见可以成为正确选项的态度词呢?我在这里给大家列了一些,例如:
常见中性词:objective等
常见贬义词:negative, critical等
另外,对应“黑名单”选项也给大家参考,避免“误入歧途”。
墓碑褒义词:permissive
墓碑中性词:neutral, indifferent, detached, impersonal, uninterested
墓碑贬义词:biased, prejudiced, confused, scared, suspicious