“英格丽丝的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品学科栏目之一，专注于考研英语（二）的钻研。栏目定期分享泰祺英语教研组老师们对词汇记忆、复习规划、做题方法的心得，旨在帮助同学们梳理英语学科知识、掌握解题思路，从而更好地学习、提分。欢迎您持续关注英格丽丝的微笑，这里有：有料的知识、有趣的惊喜！
本文作者：殷宪飞老师
泰祺教育英语教研组副组长
各位同学好！英语二阅读中，我们把阅读理解分为多种题型去讲解，以提高我们的正确率。前面我们已经写了主旨题，例证题，词汇题等，今天我们来讨论下数量最多的细节题。
出题老师在设置细节题的时候，会设计一些简单题、中档题还有高难度的题目，搭配非常巧妙。如果我们能抓住其中一些规律，就可以帮助我们提高正确率。
为解决细节题，我们首先明确解题三步走：
1. 划出关键词（辅助定位）
2. 扫描定位（必须确定好是几句还是一个段落）
3. 匹配选项（注意方向用词的匹配）
今天我们着重讲一下第二步定位的处理，帮助大家明白定位准确在解题中的重要性。
39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed, .
[A] sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished.
[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors.
[C] jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community.
[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system.
涉及段落：
In 1968, the Congress of the
在本题中，定位很容易找到在这一段落。但是定位究竟是整段还是其中的某一两句呢？我们的定位词汇是the Jury Selection and Service Act，准确的定位句子是In 1968之后的两句。从1975开始的句子并不是我们的定位处，因为1975泰勒诉路易斯安那州一案里程碑式的裁定........这句并没有定位词或定位词的近义词出现，所以不需要考虑1975这句中的信息了，故排除最易误选的A（sex discrimination).
本段中确实有出现性歧视，但性歧视所在的句子不在我们的定位范围里。一旦确定好定位，那么答案范围就缩小在B和C，精准定位处含义为1968年，美国国会通过了陪审团遴选与服务法案，从此开创了一个陪审团民主改革的新时代。这一法案废除了对联邦陪审员的特殊教育要求，并要求从社会各阶层民众中随机挑选陪审员。根据句意，答案选B。
27.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it .
[A] was a give-in to governmental pressure
[B] would involve fewer agencies in action
[C] granted less federal regulatory power
[D] went against conservation policies
涉及段落：
The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservation approaches…...
这篇文章可以说是整个2016年里最难的一篇文章了，这道题的定位其实很好找，Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. 但是大家看到后面的but，都认为之后出答案，又会继续寻找定位到 But Ashe and others argued that…之后的内容。这个时候大家就会觉得句子很复杂，如果依靠but来确定答案的话，就会选择D，但其实这句主语已经更换，不是environmentalists，而是Ashe and others ，所以but后不是我们的定位范围，又怎么能选conservation policies。
答案范围就可以缩小在B和C这两个选项中，此句定位：They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats.
本句含义须取反，是呼吁将这个鸟类列为濒危物种以赋予联邦政府更大的监管权力=对这个鸟类列为受到威胁物种感到失望，是因这一标签意味着来纳邦政府的监管权力较小。所以根据句意确定答案为C。
针对这道题涉及转折词，也和大家解释下，转折词后面出答案的概率高，这是毋庸置疑的，但这不是百分之百的概率，想拿高分的小伙伴要考虑得谨慎些哦~
42. According to the paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is .
A. uncertain
B. unrealistic
C. foreseeable
D. definite
涉及段落：
It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it: population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world's last isolated, locations; mass tourism;global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication……
这道题，太多同学做错了，大家都说根据the world， maintain， linguistic diversity 这几组词迅速定位在这一段，通过阅读整个段落内容，大家会选择B或者C。
但是大家再仔细看下，从本段第二句开始，是否出现大家划出的定位词？答：完全没有。所以此题定位只是这一段的第一句，那么这道细节题是让大家从定位处找出第一句中缺失的那部分，the world， maintain， linguistic diversity=linguistic and cultural diversity，in the future=in the centuries ahead，缺失的部分只有whether，那么四个选项中配对结果就是whether=uncertain，故答案是A。
在此，给大家举出这几个例子就是想告诉大家，定位准确对于解题是多么重要，有了它才能排除一部分选项。
当然解题还需要一些解题技巧，和词汇语法水平，所以后期我们也会在公众号中继续讲解解题技巧，同时也希望大家平时要多去积累词汇和一部分语法。
