“英格丽丝的微笑”是泰祺教育打造的精品学科栏目之一，专注于考研英语（二）的钻研。栏目定期分享泰祺英语教研组老师们对词汇记忆、复习规划、做题方法的心得，旨在帮助同学们梳理英语学科知识、掌握解题思路，从而更好地学习、提分。欢迎您持续关注英格丽丝的微笑，这里有：有料的知识、有趣的惊喜！
本文作者：张茜老师
泰祺教育英语教研组老师
同学们好，最新一期的文章又与大家见面了！得阅读者得英语，那阅读的各个题型中，独占鳌头的又是谁呢？我们分门别类，占比最高的便是细节题。
什么叫做细节题？
很多同学可能首先会问What is “细节题”？我们认为，细节题就是直白地在问你What/which/why/who/where/how的题型。
我们拿2016年的真题举例：
【例1】
（2016,P2,26题）The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is .（问原因=Why did they decide to list the lesser prairie as threatened?）
【例2】
（2016,P2,29题）According to Ashe,the leading role in managing the species is .（问对象=Which is the leading role in managing the species?）
我们可以看出，细节题就是提问原因、方式、对象的题目。其中并没有标志性的词汇象征着“细节”的特性，它范围广、形式多，但是却最容易。
好的，那问题就是Why is “细节题”容易？答曰：“步骤少，定位易，答案明显”。
细节题的解题步骤
那我们做细节题要遵循什么步骤呢？比如我们拿2016年这道真题为例：
（2016，P1,21题）Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to .
A. complete future job training
B. remodel the way of thinking
C. formulate logical hypothesis
D. perfect artwork production
根据题目，我们找到的定位词有：Cortina（大写字母，人名好定位），early exposure，computer science（主题词），easier。有了定位词，就可以精准做题了，于是就有了第2步。
However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers-but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.
我们看到，定位词的位置如加粗文字所示，都出现在前三句，所以我们挨个来看。第一句话有两个定位词，但是我们看见并没有提到computer science的主题词。我们继续往后看，第二句话主要讲了computer science的功能，直至第三句有了题目中“not as hard”这个短语，是“easier”的同义替换，至此找到了精确定位。
定位句：It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. 好了，有了定位句，我们可以进行分析了。
It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students.去掉定位词、不重要的虚词，我们所需要的信息是:transform their thought processes.反观选项，定位句中transform（改变、转换）与选项B的动词remodel（改变、重建）构成同义替换；process又与B选项way对应；定位句与B选项中thinking和thought都是定语，译为“思考的”，故得出正确答案为B。
为了保险起见，同学们可以将A、C、D选项进行校验，发现文中并未提到，因此正确答案为B。
一划（定位词）
二定（找到定位句）
三对应（定位信息与选项）
四检查（同义替换、剩余选项）
细节题真题演练
接下来我们用上面的解题步骤来小试牛刀一下。
The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.
In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their .
A. experience
B. academic backgrounds
C. career prospects
D. interest
根据题目：In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their .
我们选择的定位词有：delivering lessons, high schoolers, Flatiron。
回文定位：The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.
我们发现第二句开始出现题目中的对象：high-schoolers, 因此定位句为but之后：we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in.
这句话中，去掉虚词以及定位词，我们留下的关键做题信息就是：things they’re interested in.“他们感兴趣的东西”，对应四个选项：experience; academic backgrounds; career prospects; interest，毫无疑问选择第四个interest，本题考查同义词替换中，词性之间的转换，正确答案为D.
首先，我们进行定位词选择的时候，要避免选择“主题词”以及“虚词”。主题词在文章中会多次出现，因此作为定位词的意义并不大；虚词通常无含义，因此也不必选为定位词。
通过对本题的分析，我们发现正文中和选项中，对于简单的常见实词是不会出现原文重现的情况的。因此，同学们要想做对细节题，一定还是要依靠扎实的单词基础，才能找到正确的同义替换词。掌握适量词汇，才能坐稳阅读的半壁江山。
